The potential at any point in an electric field surrounding a charged body is equal to the work done in moving a unit positive charge from a point where the potential is zero to that point where the potential is to be measured against the electrostatic force in the field.
The potential of the earth is assumed to be zero and the potential of the other bodies is compared with reference to each as zero potential.
The potential is defined as q = 4𝜋𝜖₀d . For large distances (i.e., when is very large say, infinite), the potential is taken as zero.
The potential at any point in an electric field is defined as the work done in joules in moving a unit positive charge from an infinite distance to that point.
The difference of potential between two point A and B is equal to the work done in moving a unit charge from one point say, A to the other say, B against the electric force in the field.
Imagine a unit positive charge situated at a point A at some distance from a positive charge q. If this unit charge is moved to point B, towards q, work will be done to move it against the force of repulsion due to the charge q,. The work done in doing so, in joules, is the difference of potential between the points A and B.
When the amount of work done in moving one coulomb of charge between two points (A and B) against the force of electric field is one joule, the potential difference between the two points (A and B) is said to be one volt.
If the work done in transferring a charge of q coulombs, from point A to point B is W joules, the potential difference between the points A and B is said to be V volts, and by definition
V=Wqvolts
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