Magnets may be classified into two general classes:
1. Permanent Magnets
They have the
property of retaining their magnetism, indefinitely and they require no electric aid to magnetise, like exciting coils. They are made of special steel known as
hardened steel and its alloys.
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| Permanent Magnet with field lines |
2. Electro-Magnets
They have their
magnetism due to, and only for the duration of flow of an electric current. They are made of
soft iron and mild steel and have the
property of magnetising electric current.
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An electromagnet with power source (left),
solenoid (orange) and soft-iron core (middle) |
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